SQL Aliases
SQL Aliases
SQL aliases are used to give a column or a table a temporary name.
Aliases are used to make column names more readable.
An alias only exists for the duration of that query.
An alias is created with the AS keyword.
Alias for Columns
The following SQL creates two aliases, one for the CustomerID column and one for the CustomerName column:
Syntax
Alias for column:
SELECT column_name AS alias_name
FROM table_name;
Alias for table:
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name AS alias_name;
Demo Database
Below is a selection from the Customers and Orders tables used in the examples:
Customers
| CustomerID | CustomerName | ContactName | Address | City | PostalCode | Country |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Alfreds Futterkiste | Maria Anders | Obere Str. 57 | Berlin | 12209 | Germany |
| 2 | Ana Trujillo Emparedados y helados | Ana Trujillo | Avda. de la Constitución 2222 | México D.F. | 05021 | Mexico |
| 3 | Antonio Moreno Taquería | Antonio Moreno | Mataderos 2312 | México D.F. | 05023 | Mexico |
Orders
| OrderID | CustomerID | EmployeeID | OrderDate | ShipperID |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10248 | 90 | 5 | 1996-07-04 | 3 |
| 10249 | 81 | 6 | 1996-07-05 | 1 |
| 10250 | 34 | 4 | 1996-07-08 | 2 |
Aliases with Spaces
If you want your alias to contain one or more spaces, like "My Great Products", surround the aliasname with square brackets or double quotes:
Example
Using [square brackets] for aliases with space characters:
SELECT ProductName AS [My Great Products]
FROM Products;
Try it Yourself »
OR:
Example
Using "double quotes" for aliases with space characters:
SELECT ProductName AS "My Great Products"
FROM Products;
Try it Yourself »
Note: Some database systems allows both [] and "", and some only allows one of them.
Concatenate Columns
The following SQL creates an alias named "Address" that combine four columns (Address, PostalCode, City and Country):
Example
SELECT CustomerName, Address + ', ' + PostalCode + ' ' + City + ', ' + Country
AS Address
FROM Customers;
Try it Yourself »
Note: To get the SQL statement above to work in MySQL use the following:
MySQL Example
SELECT CustomerName, CONCAT(Address,', ',PostalCode,', ',City,', ',Country) AS Address
FROM Customers;
Try it Yourself »
Note: To get the SQL statement above to work in Oracle use the following:
Oracle Example
SELECT CustomerName, (Address || ', ' || PostalCode || ' ' || City || ', ' ||
Country) AS Address
FROM Customers;Alias for Tables
The same rules applies when you want to use an alias for a table.
Example
Refer to the Customers table as Persons instead:
SELECT * FROM Customers AS Persons;
Try it Yourself »
It might seem useless to use aliases on tables, but when you are joining tables, it makes sense.
In the following example, c is the alias for customers and o is for orders, making the query shorter and easier to read:
Example
SELECT c.CustomerName, o.OrderID
FROM customers AS c
JOIN orders AS o ON c.customerID = o.customerID;
Try it Yourself »
You will learn more about SQL Joins in the next chapters.
Aliases are useful when:
- There are more than one table involved in a query
- Functions are used in the query
- Column names are long or not very readable
- Two or more columns are combined together
